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Java is a general-purpose, class-based, object-oriented programming language designed for having lesser implementation dependencies. It is a computing platform for application development. Java is fast, secure, and reliable, therefore. It is widely used for developing Java applications in laptops, data centers, game consoles, scientific supercomputers, cell phones, etc.
Java is a powerful general-purpose programming language. It is used to develop desktop and mobile applications, big data processing, embedded systems, and so on. According to Oracle, the company that owns Java, Java runs on 3 billion devices worldwide, which makes Java one of the most popular programming languages.
To find a perfect fit for your team, you need to establish who that would be. To give you some examples: a good teammate, excellent level of English, business knowledge, with 3 years of experience, growth-attitude, etc.
To filter the best possible hires, you need a set of steps. We call it a hiring funnel (it’s a lot like a sales funnel). Establish how you want to check your candidate’s skills, way of thinking, culture, and team fit. Prepare questions in advance and take a team member to the interview.
Hiring Java developers seems difficult because there are a lot of them in the market (but not everyone as experienced and promising as you wish), and there is also high demand. A well-thought-out process is your key to overcome these obstacles.
Java is so popular, quite a few major business enterprises are well-acquainted with the software. Companies that use Java include the following:
Java is an Object-Oriented and a general-purpose programming language that helps to create programs and applications on any platform. Java comes up with a bundle of advantages that lets you stick with it.
Let’s discuss the pros of using Java programming language.
Any language can be considered as simple if it is easy to learn and understand. The syntax of Java is straightforward, easy to write, learn, maintain, and understand, the code is easily debuggable.Moreover, Java is less complex than the languages like C and C++, because many of the complex features of these languages are being removed from Java such as explicit pointers concept, storage classes, operator overloading, and many more.
Java is an object-oriented language that helps us to enhance the flexibility and reusability of the code. Using the OOPs concept, we can easily reuse the object in other programs.It also helps us to increase security by binding the data and functions into a single unit and not letting it be accessed by the outside world. It also helps to organise the bigger modules into smaller ones so they are easy to understand.
Java reduces security threats and risks by avoiding the use of explicit pointers. A pointer stores the memory address of another value that can cause unauthorized access to memory.This issue is resolved by removing the concept of pointers. Also, there is a Security manager in Java for each application that allows us to define the access rules for classes.
Java programs are cheap to develop and maintain as these programs are dependent on a specific hardware infrastructure to run. We can easily execute them on any machine that reduces the extra cost to maintain.
Java offers a very effective boon to its users by providing the feature of platform independence that is Write Once Run Anywhere(WORA) feature.The compiled code, i.e the byte code of java is platform-independent and can run on any machine irrespective of the operating system.
Java is a high-level programming language as it is a human-readable language. It is similar to human language and has a very simple and easy to maintain syntax that is similar to the syntax of C++ language but in a simpler manner.
Java is a portable language due to its platform independence feature. As the Java code can be run on any platform, it is portable and can be taken to any platform and can be executed on them. Therefore Java also provides the advantage of portability.
There is automatic memory management in Java that is managed by the Java Virtual Machine(JVM).Whenever the objects are not used by programs anymore and they do not refer to anything that they do not need to be dereferenced or removed by the explicit programming.
Java automatically removes the unused objects with the help of the automatic Garbage Collection process.
Java is a multithreaded language that is in Java more than one thread can run at the same time. A thread is the smallest unit of a process. Multithreading helps us to gain the maximum utilization of CPU.Multiple threads share a common memory area and increase the efficiency and performance of the application. These threads run independently of each other without affecting each other.
Java programs are more stable as compared to programs of other languages. Moreover, a new version of Java is released in no time with more advanced features which makes it more stable.
Java is a distributed language as it provides a mechanism for sharing data and programs among multiple computers that improve the performance and efficiency of the system.The RMI(Remote Method Invocation) is something that supports the distributed processing in Java. Moreover, Java also supports Socket Programming and the CORBA technology that helps us to share objects in a distributed environment.
Java has an efficient memory allocation strategy as it divides the memory mainly in two parts- Heap Area and Stack Area.The JVM provides us the memory space for any variable either from the heap area or the stack area. Whenever we declare a variable JVM gives memory from either stack or heap space.
To start learning or working upon any programming language you must know its strengths and weaknesses so that you can utilize the best things out of it and avoid causing the circumstances that portray in the bad side of the language.
Java has also got some drawbacks that you should know before starting over. Let’s discuss the cons of using Java.
Java is memory-consuming and significantly slower than native languages such as C or C++. It is also slow compared to other languages like C and C++ because each code has to be interpreted to the machine level code.This slow performance is due to the extra level of compilation and abstraction by the JVM. Moreover, sometimes the garbage collector leads in the poor performance of Java as it consumes more CPU time
Though there are many GUI builders in Java for creating the graphical interface still they are not suitable for creating complicated UI. There are many inconsistencies while using them.There are many popular frameworks such as Swing, SWT, JavaFX, JSF for creating GUI. But they are not mature enough to develop a complex UI. Choosing one of them which can be suitable for you may require additional research.
Java mainly works on storage and not focuses on the backup of data. This is a major drawback that makes it lose the interest and ratings among users.
Java requires a significant or major amount of memory space as compared to other languages like C and C++. During the execution of garbage collection, the memory efficiency and the performance of the system may be adversely affected.
Java codes are verbose, meaning that there are many words in it and there are many long and complex sentences that are difficult to read and understand. This can reduce the readability of the code.Java focuses on being more manageable but at the same time, it has to compromise it with the overly complex codes and long explanations for each thing.
Go is a statically typed, compiled programming language designed at Google by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson. Go is syntactically similar to C, but with memory safety, garbage collection, structural typing, and CSP-style concurrency. The language is often referred to as Golang because of its former domain name, golang.org, but the proper name is Go.
Node JS is an open-source, cross-platform, back-endJavaScriptruntime environment that runs on the V8 engine and executes JavaScript code outside a web browser. Node.js lets developers use JavaScript to write command line tools and for server-side scripting—running scripts server-side to produce dynamic web page content before the page is sent to the user's web browser. Consequently, Node.js represents a "JavaScript everywhere" paradigm, unifying web-application development around a single programming language, rather than different languages for server-side and client-side scripts.
Either it is web-based applications, complex API’s, real-time development or even micro services. ASP.NET is a once such complete package. This makes it one of the top qualifying contender and an alternative to Node JS.
Python is an interpreted high-level general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasises code readability with its use of significant indentation. Its language constructs as well as its object-oriented approach aim to help programmers write clear, logical code for small and large-scale projects
PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared towards web development. It was originally created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. The PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP Group. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.
Apache Commons is like a Swiss knife in Java software development and extends many of the Java Core libraries. If you ever feel like writing a utility class in your project, the chances are relatively high that there already exists a mature and powerful Apache Commons library. Apache Commons comprises 43 modular libraries covering domains like Collections, Math, Classes, Database, Caching, I/O Utils.It is widely used in the industry and almost the unofficial Java Standard library enhancement. If you are working on a big project and not using any Apache Commons library, then you are probably re-inventing the wheel.
Google Guava is another top-grade general-purpose Java library. Initially developed by Google and designed by renowned Software Engineer and Author Joshua Bloch. It is now an open-source project where many engineers outside Google contributed. Like Apache Commons, it is also Modular and contains many independent libraries. It covers essential utilities, collections, string manipulation, concurrency utilities, graph libraries, I/O utils, hashing, and many more. Google Guava has a better software design compared to the Apache Commons library. If you find it necessary to create a shared library or utility class, then first have a look in Google Guava libraries.
In software development, you have to process variously formatted data. Either you have to load or save data in different formats, or you have to transfer data in various formats. JSON is the de-facto data exchange format in modern software development. Other common data formats are Avro, XML, YAML, Protobuf, CSV, BSON, CBR.Jackson is a suite of data processing libraries for Java. Jackson JSON is the de facto streaming JSON parser/generator library. It also supports additional data formats such as Avro, BSON, CBOR, CSV, Smile, Protobuf, XML, or YAML and data types such as Guava, Joda, PCollections, and many more.Jackson also offers data-binding and annotations. You can convert POJO to data or generate POJO from data with the help of Jackson annotations. If you work with data format, Jackson is a must-have toolset. It is highly modular with a Core module offering basic functionality and various extension modules.
As discussed in the previous section, XML is another prevalent data format that offers stricter validation, storage, and transportation of data. Until Java 8, the Java Standard library has XML support, including data binding. Since Java 9, the XML processing functionalities are no more part of the Standard Java library and moved to a separate library, JAXB.JAXB offers everything you need to work with XML in Java. It provides a standard and efficient way of mapping between the XML and Java code. It additionally includes annotation-based data binding.
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